El Sistema Solar 2.0, también conocido como el sistema TRAPPIST-1, es un grupo de siete planetas que giran alrededor de la estrella TRAPPIST-1. Este sistema planetario tiene diversas similitudes con el nuestro, de ahí su nombre: Sistema Solar 2.0. De acuerdo con las mediciones del telescopio espacial Hubble, los siete planetas con rocosos, tienen casi el doble de edad que nuestro sistema solar y se encuentran entre 39 y 41 años luz de la Tierra; pero lo más impresionante es que tres de ellos podrían ser capaces de soportar vida (d, e y f).
Actualmente se tiene un interés especial en el cuarto planeta llamado TRAPPIST-1e, porque se encuentra en la zona Goldilocks, la cual es una franja que posee condiciones para albergar vida pues la distancia orbital desde la estrella TRAPPIST-1 es ideal para obtener una cantidad de calor adecuada para permitir que haya agua líquida en la superficie de un planeta. Las primeras observaciones del Webb no han aportado pruebas evidentes que algún planeta de TRAPPIST-1 tenga una atmósfera amistosa para que haya vida, sin embargo, estas primeras investigaciones ayudarán a acumular señales que sean útiles para comprobar la composición atmosférica de los planetas del “Sistema Solar 2.0”. What is Solar System 2.0?Solar System 2.0, also known as the TRAPPIST-1 system, is a group of seven planets orbiting the star TRAPPIST-1. This planetary system has several similarities to our own, hence its name: Solar System 2.0. It was in February 2017 that the discovery of the TRAPPIST-1 star, as well as seven planets orbiting around it, was announced. TRAPPIST-1 is a red dwarf star, with a size 10% smaller than our Sun, likewise, it has a much better temperature than it. Although Hubble measurements extended the information regarding the habitability of these planets, it was not possible to determine whether the planets have potentially habitable atmospheres. Hubble calculations were able to establish that three of the planets do not appear to have hydrogen-dominated atmospheres, which are less likely to support life. In view of this lack of information, the Webb space telescope was incorporated into the research, which will provide information through the NIRSpec instrument, which identifies the signatures of molecules such as methane, carbon dioxide and oxygen; with this data it will be possible to determine the possible composition of a planet's atmosphere. Currently, there is a special interest in the fourth planet called TRAPPIST-1e, because it is located in the Goldilocks zone, which is a band that has conditions to harbor life because the orbital distance from the star TRAPPIST-1 is ideal to obtain an adequate amount of heat to allow liquid water on the surface of a planet. Webb's early observations have not provided clear evidence that any planet in TRAPPIST-1 has a life-friendly atmosphere, however, these early investigations will help to accumulate signals that will be useful for testing the atmospheric composition of the planets in the "Solar System 2.0".
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January 2025
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